Protocol Layers

Organizes communication systems into a series of layers to simplify network design and functionality.

Layer Structure

• Each layer provides services to the layer above it using well-defined interfaces
• Highest layer: the communicating application
• Lowest layer: the physical communication channel

OSI Reference Model ^[Open Systems Interconnection Model]

A conceptual framework used to understand and implement network communication between different systems. It divides the networking process into seven distinct layers, each with specific functions and protocols.

PDNTSPA^[Please Do Not Throw Salted Peanuts Away, remembering the OSI model]